The easy way to identify the composition of clothing fabrics is the combustion method. The method is to draw a piece of cloth yarn containing warp and weft yarn at the seam of the garment, ignite it with fire, observe the state of the burning flame, smell the smell of the cloth yarn after burning, and see the residue after burning to judge Whether it is consistent with the fabric component marked on the clothing durability label to distinguish the authenticity of the fabric component.
1. Cotton fiber and hemp fiber
Both the cotton fiber and the hemp fiber burned immediately after the flame, burning rapidly, the flame was yellow and blue smoke. The difference between the smell of burning and the ash after burning is that cotton burns out the smell of paper and hemp burns out the smell of grass and wood; after burning, cotton has very little powder ash, black or gray, and hemp produces a small amount of off-white powder ash.
Second, wool fiber and silk
Mao met with fire and smoked, blistered when burning, the burning speed was slow, and the burning smell of burning hair was emitted. After burning, the ash was mostly glossy black spherical particles, and the fingers shattered when pressed. The silk shrunk into a mass when fired, burning slower, accompanied by a hissing sound, emitting a burning smell of hair, and after burning it formed into a black-brown ball-shaped ash, which was broken by hand twisting.
3. Nylon and polyester
Polyamide fiber, which is a scientific name of polyamide fiber, rapidly shrinks and melts into a white gel when it is near the flame. It melts and drips in the flame and blisters. There is no flame when burning. It is difficult to continue burning after leaving the flame. It emits a celery smell. Things are not easy to break. Polyester fiber, which is scientifically named polyester fiber, is easy to ignite. It melts and shrinks when it is near the flame. When burning, it emits black smoke when melting and emits a yellow flame. It emits a fragrant smell. The ash after burning is a dark brown hard block that can be twisted with fingers.
4. Acrylic and polypropylene
Acrylic fiber scientific name polyacrylonitrile fiber, softening and shrinking near fire, black smoke after fire, the flame is white, burns quickly after leaving the flame, emits the bitterness of burning meat, after burning, the ash is irregular black hard block, hand twist is fragile . Polypropylene scientific name polypropylene fiber, which melts and shrinks near the flame, is flammable, burns slowly away from the fire and emits black smoke, the upper end of the flame is yellow, the lower end is blue, it emits the smell of petroleum, and the ash after burning is a hard round light yellow brown particle, easy to twist broken.
V. Vinylon and Chlorine
Vinylon's scientific name, polyvinyl formal fiber, is not easy to ignite, the near flame melts and shrinks, there is a little flame at the top when burning, the flame becomes larger when the fiber is melted, there is thick black smoke, the smell of bitter fragrance, black after burning Bead-shaped particles can be crushed with fingers. Polyvinyl chloride fiber, the scientific name of chloroprene, is difficult to burn and extinguishes immediately after fire. The flame is yellow with green and white smoke at the lower end. It emits a pungent, pungent and sour taste. After burning, the ash is dark brown irregular lumps.
6. Spandex and Fluorine
Polyurethane fiber, the scientific name of spandex, burns while melting near the fire. The flame is blue when burning. When it leaves the fire, it continues to burn and emit a special pungent odor. After burning, the ash is soft and fluffy black ash. Fluorocarbon scientific name PTFE fiber, ISO organization calls it fluorite fiber, near flame only melts, difficult to ignite, does not burn, the edge flame is blue-green carbonized, melts and decomposes, the gas is toxic, the melt is hard round black Beads. Fluorine fiber is commonly used in the textile industry to manufacture high-performance sewing threads.
Seven, viscose fiber and copper ammonium fiber
Viscose fiber is flammable, the burning speed is fast, the flame is yellow, and it emits the smell of burning paper. After burning, there is little ash, and it is smooth and twisted and light gray or off-white fine powder. Copper ammonium fiber, commonly known as tiger kapok, burns near the flame, the burning speed is fast, the flame is yellow, and it emits ester and acid taste. After burning, there is very little ash, only a small amount of gray-black ash.